Chapter 12
Assisting People with Personal Care
GOALS
After reading this chapter, you will have the information needed to:
- Provide oral hygiene and denture care.
- Assist with bathing, dressing, grooming, and hair/nail care.
- Understand safety measures during personal care.
- Respect dignity, individuality, and independence during personal care routines.
Key Terms
Oral Care
Oral hygiene keeps the mouth clean, prevents infection, and promotes comfort. Care varies for natural teeth, dentures, and unconscious patients.
Turn head to the side; use minimal water; use sponge swabs to avoid aspiration.
Denture Care
Remove dentures carefully, clean with cool water and mild soap, and store in labeled container with water. Never place on napkins or tissue where they may be thrown away.
| Condition | Description |
|---|---|
| Gingivitis | Inflammation of gums; bleeding when brushing. |
| Periodontitis | Advanced gum infection leading to tooth loss. |
| Xerostomia | Dry mouth, often due to medication. |
Hair and Grooming
- Comb or brush daily to stimulate scalp circulation.
- Wash hair as needed or per care plan.
- Shaving may use safety razor, electric razor, or disposable razors—follow precautions for bloodborne pathogens.
- Trim nails carefully; do not trim toenails unless permitted by policy.
Dressing and Undressing
Respect privacy. Allow independence. Dress affected or weak side first; undress strong side first. Provide clean clothing daily.
Bathing
Bathing promotes cleanliness, circulation, and comfort. Types include complete bed bath, partial bath, tub bath, shower, or sponge bath. Adapt per individual condition and preferences.
Check water temperature; use nonskid mats; never leave person unattended in tub or shower.
Perineal Care
Clean genital and anal areas gently, front to back. Use warm water and mild soap. Always provide privacy, explain each step, and wear gloves.
Respecting Dignity and Preferences
- Offer choices in grooming and clothing.
- Respect cultural or religious practices related to personal care.
- Promote independence and involvement in routines whenever possible.
End of Chapter 12 — Assisting People with Personal Care